The Large Format Store vs. "Mom and Pop": Is Suburbia a Model for the Inner City?
Abstract
In small towns and suburbs, the arrival of the large format store has had an almost uniformly negative impact on its smaller scale competitors. The present paper examines whether this is also the likely outcome when a large format store enters an inner city area. An analysis of the experience of one such large store suggests the possibility that small town/suburban model may not be applicable to the inner city. In urban areas, population growth. the shopping behaviors of residents, and the ability of small stores to provide specialized product assortments and services may be factors that contribute to the viability of small retailers, who compete against large format stores. Small stores' use of legal technicalities, such as requiring special use permits or enforcing decades-old zoning restrictions, to block the entry of large competitors into major U.S. cites, however, appears to be less effective.
References
Alwitt, L. F. & Donley T. D. (1996). The Low-Income Consumer. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
Community Food Resource Center (1992). Super-marketing: The impact of new supermarket development on existing stores in New York Ciiy neighborhoods. Unpublished manuscript.
Community Food Resource Center (1995). Supermarket development and New York Citv. Unpublished manuscript.
Cohen, C. (1999). Densitv. dollars. and demand: Seize the inner-city urban opportunity. Speech at 88'" Annual Convention of the National Retail Federation. New York City.
Conlan, M. F. (1994). Small vs. Large, Drug Topics. 14.
Department of City Planning/City of New York ( 1995), Comprehensive retail strategy for New York City.
Department of City Planning/City of New York (1996), The newest New Yorkers. 1990- 1994, DCP-96-19.
Gutman, H. (1996,1997), personal and telephone interviews.
Hicks, J. P. (1995, August 4). Pathmark's little neighbors have learned to compete. The New York Times. B3.
In Wal-Mart's battle with America's downtowns . . . (1995). CO Researcher. 5. 910-911. Jacobs, A. (1996, July 21). Kaleidoscopic Astor Place: Will the funk go?" The New York Times. Sec. 13, 6.
Poner, M. (1995). The competitive advantage of the inner city, Harvard Business Review. 73 (May-June), 55-71.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP and The Initiative for a Competitive Inner City (n.d.). The inner-city shopper.
Rachman, D. (1987). Summary: Pathmark store research. Unpublished Manuscript.
Stone, K. (1993). Impact of Wal-Mart stores on Iowa communities: 1893-1993. Economic Development Review. 13. 60.
Waldinger, R., Aldrich, H., & Ward R. (1990). Opportunities, group characteristics, and
strategies. Ethnic Entrepreneurs. Newbury Park: Sage Publications.
Walters, J. (1995), Storewars. Governing. January, 28-33
Wolff, C. (1984, January 26). New supermarket sharpens lower east side debate. New York Times. Bl.
U.S. Bureau of the Census Data User Services Division (1992). 1987 economic census: Volume 2: Zip code statistics. CD-ROM, Release 2B. Washington: The Bureau.
U.S. Bureau of the Census Data User Services Division (1995), 1992 economic census: Zip code statistics. CD-ROM, Disk 2A. Washington: The Bureau.
Zukin, S. (1995). The culture of cities. Cambridge, MA.: Blackwell.